SPLENIUS CAPITIS

• Origin

Ligamentum Nuchae, C7-T4 Vertebrae

• Insertion

Mastoid Process of the Temporal Bone and Occipital Bone

• Agonist(s)

- Semispinalis capitis

- Longissimus capitis

• Antagonist(s)

- Sternocleidomastoid

- Levator scapulae

- Trapezius

• Function

Extension and Rotation of Head

TRIGGER POINT(S)

• Location

Trigger points in the splenius capitis muscle are typically located in the upper portion of the muscle, near its origin at the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae.

They can also be found along the muscle's fibers and insertion points on the base of the skull.

• Pain Referral Pattern

Pain often refers to the back of the head, neck, and sometimes into the temple region.

It can cause headaches, neck stiffness, and restricted range of motion in the head and neck, mimicking symptoms of tension-type headaches or cervicogenic headaches.

• Potential Causes

• Poor posture, especially with forward head posture or rounded shoulders.

• Repetitive strain from activities involving neck extension or rotation.

• Prolonged periods of looking up or down, such as during computer or phone use.

• Stress and tension, especially in the neck and upper back muscles.

• Trauma or injury to the head or neck.

• Prevention Tips

• Maintain proper posture, especially keeping the head aligned over the shoulders.

• Incorporate regular stretching and strengthening exercises for the neck and upper back muscles.

• Take breaks and adjust ergonomics during activities involving prolonged neck extension or rotation.

• Manage stress through relaxation techniques and regular physical activity.

• Avoid prolonged periods of looking up or down, and maintain a neutral head position.