VARUS STRESS
TEST
• Test positioning
The client sits with the test elbow flexed to 20 to 30 degrees.
The therapist stands with the distal hand around client's wrist (laterally) and the proximal hand over the client's elbow joint (medially).
• Action
With the wrist stabilized, the therapist applies a varus stress to the elbow with the proximal hand.
• Positive finding
As compared to the uninvolved elbow, lateral elbow pain and/or increased varus movement with a diminished or absent endpoint is indicative of damage to primarily the radial (lateral) collateral ligament.
• Special considerations & comments
The therapist must avoid allowing the humerus to internally or externally rotate during this test, as this will give the illusion of increased varus movement.
The Varus Stress Test incorporates principles from Dr. James Cyriax's work in orthopedic medicine and Dr. Don O'Donoghue's contributions to understanding lateral collateral ligament stability and injuries.